How to WSL on Windows 11: Unlock the Full Potential of Your PC

In today’s tech landscape, developers and power users often find themselves needing the versatility of Linux alongside the familiarity of Windows. This is where the Windows Subsystem for Linux (WSL) comes in, offering a seamless way to run Linux distributions directly on Windows 11. This guide will walk you through the process of setting up and using WSL, empowering you to leverage the best of both operating systems.

The What and Why of WSL

The Windows Subsystem for Linux (WSL) is a powerful feature that allows you to run Linux distributions directly on your Windows 11 machine. It provides a fully functional Linux environment, including a Linux kernel, system libraries, and command-line tools. This means you can access a wide range of Linux applications and utilities without needing to dual-boot or use a virtual machine.

Here’s why WSL is a game-changer:

• Develop Cross-Platform Applications: Seamlessly develop and test applications for both Windows and Linux environments.
• Access Linux-Specific Tools: Utilize powerful Linux tools like Bash, Git, and various development frameworks directly on Windows.
• Enhanced Productivity: Run Linux-based scripts and utilities without the overhead of a virtual machine, boosting your workflow.
• Improved Security: WSL provides a secure environment for running Linux software, isolating it from your Windows system.

Enabling WSL on Windows 11

Before you can start using WSL, you need to ensure it’s enabled on your Windows 11 machine. Here’s how:

1. Open Settings: Press the Windows key ++ I or click the Start menu and select Settings.
2. Navigate to Apps: In the Settings window, click on “Apps”.
3. Select “Optional Features“: On the left side, click on “Optional features“.
4. Enable WSL: Click on “Add a feature” and search for “Windows Subsystem for Linux”. Select it and click “Install”.
5. Restart Your PC: After installation, restart your computer for the changes to take effect.

Installing Your First Linux Distribution

With WSL enabled, you can now install your preferred Linux distribution. The Microsoft Store offers a variety of choices, including Ubuntu, Debian, Kali Linux, and more.

1. Open Microsoft Store: Search for “Linux” in the Microsoft Store.
2. Select Your Distribution: Choose the Linux distribution you want to install.
3. Install: Click the “Get” button to start the installation process.
4. Set Up User Account: During the installation, you’ll be prompted to create a new user account for your Linux distribution.

Accessing Your Linux Distribution

Once installed, you can access your Linux distribution in a couple of ways:

• From the Start Menu: The installed Linux distribution will appear in your Start menu. Click on its icon to launch a terminal window.
• Using the Command Prompt or PowerShell: Open a command prompt or PowerShell window and type `wsl.exe`, followed by the name of your distribution. For example, `wsl.exe -d Ubuntu` will launch a terminal window for your Ubuntu distribution.

Navigating the Linux Environment

Once you’re in the terminal, you’re working within the Linux environment. You can use the familiar Linux commands like `cd`, `ls`, `pwd`, `mkdir`, and `rm` to navigate and manage files.

Setting Up Your Development Environment

With your Linux distribution installed, you can proceed to set up your development environment. This involves installing the necessary tools, like compilers, interpreters, and libraries, specific to your programming language or framework.

For example, to set up a Python development environment:

1. Install Python: Use the package manager of your Linux distribution to install Python. For Ubuntu, you can use `sudo apt update` and then `sudo apt install python3`.
2. Install Virtual Environments: Create a virtual environment to manage dependencies for your projects. Use the `venv` module in Python to create and activate a virtual environment.
3. Install Additional Libraries: Use the `pip` package manager to install any additional libraries required for your project.

Working with Files Between Windows and Linux

WSL offers seamless file sharing between Windows and Linux. Here’s how it works:

• Accessing Windows Files: The `wsl$` path in Windows Explorer provides access to your Linux file system.
• Accessing Linux Files: Use the `mnt` directory within your Linux environment to access Windows files. For example, `cd /mnt/c` will take you to the C drive in Windows.

Using WSL with Your Favorite IDEs

Many popular IDEs offer excellent support for WSL, enabling you to leverage the power of both Windows and Linux within your development workflow.

• Visual Studio Code: Use the Remote – WSL extension to connect to your WSL environment and work with Linux files directly from VS Code.
• JetBrains IDEs (IntelliJ, PyCharm, etc.): These IDEs offer built-in support for WSL, allowing you to run and debug your code within the Linux environment.

Beyond the Basics: Advanced WSL Features

WSL offers a wealth of advanced features to enhance your workflow:

• WSL 2: The latest version of WSL provides a virtualized Linux kernel, offering significant performance improvements and full system call compatibility.
• GUI Applications: You can run graphical Linux applications with WSL 2 using the `lxrun` command.
• Docker Integration: Use Docker within WSL to build and run containerized applications.
• Customizing WSL: Modify WSL settings, including network configuration, memory allocation, and user experience.

Unlocking the Power of Linux on Windows 11: A Recap

By enabling and installing WSL, you gain access to a powerful Linux environment directly on your Windows 11 machine. This allows you to leverage the best of both worlds, enhancing your productivity, expanding your development capabilities, and unlocking a whole new level of flexibility. Remember to explore the many advanced features and resources available to take your WSL experience to the next level.

Basics You Wanted To Know

1. What is the difference between WSL 1 and WSL 2?

WSL 1 runs Linux distributions directly on the Windows kernel, while WSL 2 utilizes a lightweight virtual machine with a full Linux kernel. WSL 2 offers better performance, full system call compatibility, and support for running graphical applications.

2. Can I use WSL with my existing Linux distribution?

No, you need to install a Linux distribution specifically designed for WSL from the Microsoft Store.

3. What are some common use cases for WSL?

WSL is commonly used for web development, software development, data science, scripting, and system administration tasks.

4. Can I run Windows applications within WSL?

No, WSL is designed for running Linux applications within a Windows environment.

5. How do I update my installed Linux distribution?

Use the package manager of your Linux distribution to update it. For Ubuntu, you can use `sudo apt update` and then `sudo apt upgrade`.